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Materials - Types Welding

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Technical Characteristics of PVDF

Installations in PVDF benefit from this material due to its high chemical resistance, thermal stability over a wide range of temperatures, high abrasion resistance, making it ideal for applications under the most demanding conditions of use. Due to its technical characteristics, this material has several advantages: It can withstand temperatures ranging from -40 °C to over 140 °C and pressures from PN 10 up to PN 16 at a temperature of 20 °C. One of the materials with the best thermal properties on the market. This material withstands elements such as halogens, acids, alcohols, and alkalis very well. It has very high impermeability and/or density to all gases. It maintains all its properties even at high temperatures. It is a material with a long lifespan, even in extremely corrosive situations. This type of material is very clean in high-purity installations. The installation process is one of the safest, using high-quality welding technology such as BCF. Internally, it is composed of a smooth surface and is free from annoying corrosion at all times.

Features:

  • PVDF has superior mechanical properties compared to other fluoropolymers.
  • Its exceptional characteristics include low generation of smoke and vapors when working with flame, strong bonds, high resistance to abrasion, thermal stability, and resistance to most chemicals and solvents.
  • PVDF is resistant to UV light and radiation, has low permeability to most gases and liquids.
  • Working temperature: Up to 140 °C.

Technical Characteristics of Polypropylene (PP)

Polypropylene (PP) is a thermoplastic polymer, partially crystalline, belonging to the group of polyolefins and used in a wide variety of applications, including textiles. This polymer is obtained from the polymerization of propylene (or Propene), which is its monomer, and has high resistance to various chemical solvents, as well as alkalis and acids. Physical and chemical properties of Polypropylene:

Standard commercial polypropylene has an intermediate degree of crystallinity between high-density and low-density polyethylene; its elastic modulus is also intermediate, it is less hard than HDPE and less brittle. Polypropylene has very good fatigue resistance. The dielectric properties of polypropylene are used in very thin films, forming capacitors with good performance. Polypropylene and polyethylene are two of the most commonly used thermoplastics. They can be found in natural or additive-filled forms, such as fiberglass/mineral fillers, to give them more strength and/or rigidity, and dimensional stability. These materials withstand chemical agents well and can be UV-resistant and/or flame-retardant. They are widely used in all areas of activity, including textiles.

Features:

  • Working temperature range: 0 °C to +80 °C.
  • It has a great capacity for elastic recovery.
  • Resistant to boiling water, can be sterilized at temperatures of 140 °C without deformation.
  • Resists load applications in an environment at a temperature of 70 °C without deformation.
  • Great resistance to the penetration of microorganisms.
  • Great resistance to commercial detergents at a temperature of 80 °C.
  • Due to its density, it floats in water.

Technical Characteristics of Polyethylene (PE) Density according to ISO 1183: 930 kg/m³. Melt Flow Rate (MFR) according to ISO 1133: 0.3-0.5 g/10 min. Longitudinal expansion coefficient according to DIN 53572: -0.13 mm/m·K. Black color. Joints:

  • By electrofusion, socket, or rubber-to-rubber welding.
  • PE 100 accessories can be welded in the MFR range (0.3-0.5) g/10 min., with all pipes corresponding to EN 12201 and EN 1555 standards.

Advantages of PE:

  • High impact and corrosion resistance (very good chemical resistance).
  • Flexible (suitable for buried installations).
  • Lightweight (lower transportation and handling costs).
  • Thermal resistance (up to 80 °C).
  • Low-temperature resistance.
  • Good resistance to abrasion.
  • Welded joints, homogeneous, and reliable (rubber-to-rubber or electrofusion).
  • Low friction coefficient that prevents the accumulation of residues.

Technical Characteristics of PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)

  • High chemical resistance: necessary for permanent contact with decomposing material, as well as high tolerance to highly alkaline and acidic substances.

  • Corrosion resistance: PVC pipe is immune to almost all types of corrosion experienced in underground pipe systems. Since PVC is a non-conductor, galvanic and electrochemical effects do not exist in PVC pipe systems. PVC pipe is also not damaged by attacks from normal or corrosive soils. Consequently, no coating or cathodic protection is necessary when using PVC pipes.

  • Resistance to biological attack: PVC exhibits excellent resistance to degradation and/or deterioration caused by the action of micro or macro-organisms. Microorganisms include fungi and bacteria, and macroorganisms include termites and rodents.

  • Weather Resistance: When subjected permanently to ultraviolet radiation from the sun, PVC pipes, over an extended period, may suffer superficial damage. Therefore, it is recommended to use special compounds for this purpose or protect them with suitable coatings.

  • Resistance to Tuberculation: Soluble incrustants like calcium carbonate do not precipitate on the smooth walls of PVC pipes, as they do with other materials. Since PVC does not corrode, there is no tuberculation due to corrosion.

  • Impact Resistance: PVC pipes have superior impact resistance compared to most traditional and non-traditional materials.

  • Density: PVC, like other thermoplastics, is characterized by its low specific weight compared to most materials used in pipe manufacturing. This allows for a lightweight tube without it being weak.

  • Resistance to Overlapping Loads: PVC pipes are obtained by extrusion of a rigid PVC compound, but, and this is very important, they should be considered as flexible conduits from a design standpoint. A flexible tube is defined as one that will deform at least 2% without any signs of damage. This flexibility allows it to support soil loads by transforming part of the vertical loads acting on it into horizontal loads, which are absorbed by the passive resistance of the soil.

  • Hydraulic Characteristics: Pressure drops in PVC pipes reveal that they are 30% lower than those corresponding to steel or cast iron pipes transporting flow with the same interior diameter of the pipe. Additionally, with no formation of encrustations, there are no differences in calculations between new and in-service pipes.

  • Non-contaminating: The properties of PVC make it non-toxic and non-migratory, meaning it does not react with elements and compounds present in soils, construction materials, ensuring that the transported material does not contaminate the environment.

  • Long Lifespan: Estimated to be over 50 years under normal conditions of use.

  • Hermetic Sealing: In its various forms of connection.

  • Low Cost: Considering all the described properties and its high longevity, the cost is minimal.

ECTFE - HALAR

ECTFE (Ethylene Chlorotrifluoroethylene) was designed to provide chemical resistance in heavy-duty corrosion applications. It is a partially fluorinated polymer (a fluoropolymer), semi-crystalline, and can be processed in a molten state. Chemically, it is a copolymer of ethylene and chlorotrifluoroethylene. It is marketed under the brand name Halar ECTFE.

ECTFE has a wide range of continuous use temperatures between -76 °C and +150 °C.

  • Finally, ECTFE can be welded in different ways:
  • Butt welding
  • Infrared welding
  • High-frequency welding
  • Hot gas welding
  • Ultrasonic welding
  • ECTFE is also used in the pharmaceutical industry when the equipment is exposed to chemical cleaning.

FRP (Fiber-Reinforced Plastic) Fiber-Reinforced Plastic (FRP) is a material composed of a polymeric matrix and glass fibers. The polymeric matrix is typically made of epoxy, vinyl ester, or polyester. The resin provides environmental and chemical resistance to the product and serves as the matrix that binds the fibers in the laminate structure, in addition to defining the shape of an FRP piece. The glass fibers contribute strength to the composite. They can be randomly arranged or oriented in a specific direction. The most common type of glass fiber used for FRP is Class E glass, which is alumino-borosilicate glass. E-CR (Electrical/Chemical Resistance) glass fiber is also commonly used in applications that require particularly high protection against acidic corrosion.

Fiber-Reinforced Plastic (FRP) has many beneficial characteristics. It is lightweight compared to its high mechanical strength, highly resistant to chemicals and corrosion (thanks to its non-conductive properties, it is also resistant to electrolytic corrosion), UV radiation-resistant, possesses stability at various temperatures, and is environmentally friendly. FRP is impermeable, making it ideal for all outdoor applications. Additionally, it can be customized to be fire-resistant using non-flammable resins. FRP is a highly durable material with a long lifespan, ideal for a wide range of applications in various industries.

Installations can be made for conduits or structural profiles and grates.

Properties and Advantages

  • Lightweight.

  • Excellent mechanical qualities.

  • High resistance to impact and fatigue.

  • Corrosion resistance.

  • Fire-resistant characteristics.

  • Lower coefficient of expansion than metallic profiles.

  • Thermal, electrical, and acoustic insulation.

  • Transparent to radio or radar waves.

  • Homogeneous and low-porosity material.

  • Excellent surface finish.

  • Easy and fast machining.

  • Low maintenance requirements.

  • Versatile in terms of shapes and designs.

Types of Welding - Joining

MPLR has the technology, equipment, and experienced personnel to perform installations and manipulations of technical plastics using various types of welding.